FM / 4.4.4

/usr/include/c++/4.4.4/

/usr/include/c++/4.4.4

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
backward/	-	0755	rm
bits/	-	0755	rm
debug/	-	0755	rm
ext/	-	0755	rm
parallel/	-	0755	rm
tr1/	-	0755	rm
tr1_impl/	-	0755	rm
x86_64-redhat-linux/	-	0755	rm
algorithm	2528	0644	edit dl rm
array	1861	0644	edit dl rm
bitset	38246	0644	edit dl rm
c++0x_warning.h	1441	0644	edit dl rm
cassert	1691	0644	edit dl rm
ccomplex	1425	0644	edit dl rm
cctype	2862	0644	edit dl rm
cerrno	1813	0644	edit dl rm
cfenv	1872	0644	edit dl rm
cfloat	2046	0644	edit dl rm
chrono	21125	0644	edit dl rm
cinttypes	2151	0644	edit dl rm
ciso646	1513	0644	edit dl rm
climits	1956	0644	edit dl rm
clocale	1996	0644	edit dl rm
cmath	15560	0644	edit dl rm
complex	42262	0644	edit dl rm
complex.h	1374	0644	edit dl rm
condition_variable	6208	0644	edit dl rm
csetjmp	2040	0644	edit dl rm
csignal	1946	0644	edit dl rm
cstdarg	1935	0644	edit dl rm
cstdatomic	24336	0644	edit dl rm
cstdbool	1412	0644	edit dl rm
cstddef	1830	0644	edit dl rm
cstdint	2374	0644	edit dl rm
cstdio	4812	0644	edit dl rm
cstdlib	5723	0644	edit dl rm
cstring	3261	0644	edit dl rm
ctgmath	1327	0644	edit dl rm
ctime	2211	0644	edit dl rm
cwchar	6538	0644	edit dl rm
cwctype	3294	0644	edit dl rm
cxxabi-forced.h	1631	0644	edit dl rm
cxxabi.h	19106	0644	edit dl rm
deque	2658	0644	edit dl rm
exception	4856	0644	edit dl rm
exception_defines.h	1648	0644	edit dl rm
exception_ptr.h	4355	0644	edit dl rm
fenv.h	1888	0644	edit dl rm
forward_list	1480	0644	edit dl rm
fstream	29267	0644	edit dl rm
functional	2658	0644	edit dl rm
initializer_list	1987	0644	edit dl rm
iomanip	8696	0644	edit dl rm
ios	1658	0644	edit dl rm
iosfwd	6017	0644	edit dl rm
iostream	2654	0644	edit dl rm
istream	28304	0644	edit dl rm
iterator	2639	0644	edit dl rm
limits	45520	0644	edit dl rm
list	2588	0644	edit dl rm
locale	1480	0644	edit dl rm
map	2479	0644	edit dl rm
memory	3356	0644	edit dl rm
mutex	18380	0644	edit dl rm
new	3735	0644	edit dl rm
numeric	2808	0644	edit dl rm
ostream	18442	0644	edit dl rm
queue	2507	0644	edit dl rm
random	2086	0644	edit dl rm
ratio	9176	0644	edit dl rm
regex	2002	0644	edit dl rm
set	2479	0644	edit dl rm
sstream	18876	0644	edit dl rm
stack	2431	0644	edit dl rm
stdatomic.h	7263	0644	edit dl rm
stdexcept	4247	0644	edit dl rm
streambuf	28107	0644	edit dl rm
string	2021	0644	edit dl rm
system_error	9434	0644	edit dl rm
tgmath.h	1368	0644	edit dl rm
thread	6562	0644	edit dl rm
tuple	21068	0644	edit dl rm
typeinfo	7170	0644	edit dl rm
type_traits	17152	0644	edit dl rm
unordered_map	2448	0644	edit dl rm
unordered_set	2448	0644	edit dl rm
utility	3320	0644	edit dl rm
valarray	36486	0644	edit dl rm
vector	2698	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/include/c++/4.4.4/bitset (38246B)

// <bitset> -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
// Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1998
 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
 */

/** @file include/bitset
 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
 */

#ifndef _GLIBCXX_BITSET
#define _GLIBCXX_BITSET 1

#pragma GCC system_header

#include <cstddef>     // For size_t
#include <string>
#include <bits/functexcept.h>   // For invalid_argument, out_of_range,
                                // overflow_error
#include <iosfwd>
#include <cxxabi-forced.h>

#define _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD  (__CHAR_BIT__ * sizeof(unsigned long))
#define _GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(__n) \
 ((__n) < 1 ? 0 : ((__n) + _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD - 1) \
                  / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD)

_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NESTED_NAMESPACE(std, _GLIBCXX_STD_D)

/**
   *  Base class, general case.  It is a class invariant that _Nw will be
   *  nonnegative.
   *
   *  See documentation for bitset.
  */
  template<size_t _Nw>
    struct _Base_bitset
    {
      typedef unsigned long _WordT;

/// 0 is the least significant word.
      _WordT 		_M_w[_Nw];

_Base_bitset()
      { _M_do_reset(); }

_Base_bitset(unsigned long __val)
      {
	_M_do_reset();
	_M_w[0] = __val;
      }

static size_t
      _S_whichword(size_t __pos )
      { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos )
      { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbit(size_t __pos )
      { return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static _WordT
      _S_maskbit(size_t __pos )
      { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }

_WordT&
      _M_getword(size_t __pos)
      { return _M_w[_S_whichword(__pos)]; }

_WordT
      _M_getword(size_t __pos) const
      { return _M_w[_S_whichword(__pos)]; }

_WordT&
      _M_hiword()
      { return _M_w[_Nw - 1]; }

_WordT
      _M_hiword() const
      { return _M_w[_Nw - 1]; }

void
      _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x)
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  _M_w[__i] &= __x._M_w[__i];
      }

void
      _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x)
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  _M_w[__i] |= __x._M_w[__i];
      }

void
      _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x)
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  _M_w[__i] ^= __x._M_w[__i];
      }

void
      _M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift);

void
      _M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift);

void
      _M_do_flip()
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  _M_w[__i] = ~_M_w[__i];
      }

void
      _M_do_set()
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  _M_w[__i] = ~static_cast<_WordT>(0);
      }

void
      _M_do_reset()
      { __builtin_memset(_M_w, 0, _Nw * sizeof(_WordT)); }

bool
      _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x) const
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; ++__i)
	  if (_M_w[__i] != __x._M_w[__i])
	    return false;
	return true;
      }

size_t
      _M_are_all_aux() const
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw - 1; __i++)
	  if (_M_w[__i] != ~static_cast<_WordT>(0))
	    return 0;
	return ((_Nw - 1) * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
		+ __builtin_popcountl(_M_hiword()));
      }

bool
      _M_is_any() const
      {
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  if (_M_w[__i] != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
	    return true;
	return false;
      }

size_t
      _M_do_count() const
      {
	size_t __result = 0;
	for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	  __result += __builtin_popcountl(_M_w[__i]);
	return __result;
      }

unsigned long
      _M_do_to_ulong() const;

// find first "on" bit
      size_t
      _M_do_find_first(size_t __not_found) const;

// find the next "on" bit that follows "prev"
      size_t
      _M_do_find_next(size_t __prev, size_t __not_found) const;
    };

// Definitions of non-inline functions from _Base_bitset.
  template<size_t _Nw>
    void
    _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift)
    {
      if (__builtin_expect(__shift != 0, 1))
	{
	  const size_t __wshift = __shift / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
	  const size_t __offset = __shift % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;

if (__offset == 0)
	    for (size_t __n = _Nw - 1; __n >= __wshift; --__n)
	      _M_w[__n] = _M_w[__n - __wshift];
	  else
	    {
	      const size_t __sub_offset = (_GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD 
					   - __offset);
	      for (size_t __n = _Nw - 1; __n > __wshift; --__n)
		_M_w[__n] = ((_M_w[__n - __wshift] << __offset)
			     | (_M_w[__n - __wshift - 1] >> __sub_offset));
	      _M_w[__wshift] = _M_w[0] << __offset;
	    }

std::fill(_M_w + 0, _M_w + __wshift, static_cast<_WordT>(0));
	}
    }

template<size_t _Nw>
    void
    _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift)
    {
      if (__builtin_expect(__shift != 0, 1))
	{
	  const size_t __wshift = __shift / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
	  const size_t __offset = __shift % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
	  const size_t __limit = _Nw - __wshift - 1;

if (__offset == 0)
	    for (size_t __n = 0; __n <= __limit; ++__n)
	      _M_w[__n] = _M_w[__n + __wshift];
	  else
	    {
	      const size_t __sub_offset = (_GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
					   - __offset);
	      for (size_t __n = 0; __n < __limit; ++__n)
		_M_w[__n] = ((_M_w[__n + __wshift] >> __offset)
			     | (_M_w[__n + __wshift + 1] << __sub_offset));
	      _M_w[__limit] = _M_w[_Nw-1] >> __offset;
	    }
	  
	  std::fill(_M_w + __limit + 1, _M_w + _Nw, static_cast<_WordT>(0));
	}
    }

template<size_t _Nw>
    unsigned long
    _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_to_ulong() const
    {
      for (size_t __i = 1; __i < _Nw; ++__i)
	if (_M_w[__i])
	  __throw_overflow_error(__N("_Base_bitset::_M_do_to_ulong"));
      return _M_w[0];
    }

template<size_t _Nw>
    size_t
    _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_find_first(size_t __not_found) const
    {
      for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	{
	  _WordT __thisword = _M_w[__i];
	  if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
	    return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
		    + __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));
	}
      // not found, so return an indication of failure.
      return __not_found;
    }

template<size_t _Nw>
    size_t
    _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_find_next(size_t __prev, size_t __not_found) const
    {
      // make bound inclusive
      ++__prev;

// check out of bounds
      if (__prev >= _Nw * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD)
	return __not_found;

// search first word
      size_t __i = _S_whichword(__prev);
      _WordT __thisword = _M_w[__i];

// mask off bits below bound
      __thisword &= (~static_cast<_WordT>(0)) << _S_whichbit(__prev);

if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
	return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
		+ __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));

// check subsequent words
      __i++;
      for (; __i < _Nw; __i++)
	{
	  __thisword = _M_w[__i];
	  if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
	    return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
		    + __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));
	}
      // not found, so return an indication of failure.
      return __not_found;
    } // end _M_do_find_next

/**
   *  Base class, specialization for a single word.
   *
   *  See documentation for bitset.
  */
  template<>
    struct _Base_bitset<1>
    {
      typedef unsigned long _WordT;
      _WordT _M_w;

_Base_bitset(void)
      : _M_w(0)
      { }

_Base_bitset(unsigned long __val)
      : _M_w(__val)
      { }

static size_t
      _S_whichword(size_t __pos )
      { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos )
      { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbit(size_t __pos )
      {  return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static _WordT
      _S_maskbit(size_t __pos )
      { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }

_WordT&
      _M_getword(size_t)
      { return _M_w; }

_WordT
      _M_getword(size_t) const
      { return _M_w; }

_WordT&
      _M_hiword()
      { return _M_w; }

_WordT
      _M_hiword() const
      { return _M_w; }

void
      _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x)
      { _M_w &= __x._M_w; }

void
      _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x)
      { _M_w |= __x._M_w; }

void
      _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x)
      { _M_w ^= __x._M_w; }

void
      _M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift)
      { _M_w <<= __shift; }

void
      _M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift)
      { _M_w >>= __shift; }

void
      _M_do_flip()
      { _M_w = ~_M_w; }

void
      _M_do_set()
      { _M_w = ~static_cast<_WordT>(0); }

void
      _M_do_reset()
      { _M_w = 0; }

bool
      _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x) const
      { return _M_w == __x._M_w; }

size_t
      _M_are_all_aux() const
      { return __builtin_popcountl(_M_w); }

bool
      _M_is_any() const
      { return _M_w != 0; }

size_t
      _M_do_count() const
      { return __builtin_popcountl(_M_w); }

unsigned long
      _M_do_to_ulong() const
      { return _M_w; }

size_t
      _M_do_find_first(size_t __not_found) const
      {
        if (_M_w != 0)
          return __builtin_ctzl(_M_w);
        else
          return __not_found;
      }

// find the next "on" bit that follows "prev"
      size_t
      _M_do_find_next(size_t __prev, size_t __not_found) const
      {
	++__prev;
	if (__prev >= ((size_t) _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD))
	  return __not_found;

_WordT __x = _M_w >> __prev;
	if (__x != 0)
	  return __builtin_ctzl(__x) + __prev;
	else
	  return __not_found;
      }
    };

/**
   *  Base class, specialization for no storage (zero-length %bitset).
   *
   *  See documentation for bitset.
  */
  template<>
    struct _Base_bitset<0>
    {
      typedef unsigned long _WordT;

_Base_bitset()
      { }

_Base_bitset(unsigned long)
      { }

static size_t
      _S_whichword(size_t __pos )
      { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos )
      { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }

static size_t
      _S_whichbit(size_t __pos )
      {  return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }

static _WordT
      _S_maskbit(size_t __pos )
      { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }

// This would normally give access to the data.  The bounds-checking
      // in the bitset class will prevent the user from getting this far,
      // but (1) it must still return an lvalue to compile, and (2) the
      // user might call _Unchecked_set directly, in which case this /needs/
      // to fail.  Let's not penalize zero-length users unless they actually
      // make an unchecked call; all the memory ugliness is therefore
      // localized to this single should-never-get-this-far function.
      _WordT&
      _M_getword(size_t) const
      { 
	__throw_out_of_range(__N("_Base_bitset::_M_getword")); 
	return *new _WordT; 
      }

_WordT
      _M_hiword() const
      { return 0; }

void
      _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<0>&)
      { }

void
      _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<0>&)
      { }

void
      _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<0>&)
      { }

void
      _M_do_left_shift(size_t)
      { }

void
      _M_do_right_shift(size_t)
      { }

void
      _M_do_flip()
      { }

void
      _M_do_set()
      { }

void
      _M_do_reset()
      { }

// Are all empty bitsets equal to each other?  Are they equal to
      // themselves?  How to compare a thing which has no state?  What is
      // the sound of one zero-length bitset clapping?
      bool
      _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<0>&) const
      { return true; }

size_t
      _M_are_all_aux() const
      { return 0; }

bool
      _M_is_any() const
      { return false; }

size_t
      _M_do_count() const
      { return 0; }

unsigned long
      _M_do_to_ulong() const
      { return 0; }

// Normally "not found" is the size, but that could also be
      // misinterpreted as an index in this corner case.  Oh well.
      size_t
      _M_do_find_first(size_t) const
      { return 0; }

size_t
      _M_do_find_next(size_t, size_t) const
      { return 0; }
    };

// Helper class to zero out the unused high-order bits in the highest word.
  template<size_t _Extrabits>
    struct _Sanitize
    {
      static void _S_do_sanitize(unsigned long& __val)
      { __val &= ~((~static_cast<unsigned long>(0)) << _Extrabits); }
    };

template<>
    struct _Sanitize<0>
    { static void _S_do_sanitize(unsigned long) {} };

/**
   *  @brief  The %bitset class represents a @e fixed-size sequence of bits.
   *
   *  @ingroup containers
   *
   *  (Note that %bitset does @e not meet the formal requirements of a
   *  <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>.  Mainly, it lacks iterators.)
   *
   *  The template argument, @a Nb, may be any non-negative number,
   *  specifying the number of bits (e.g., "0", "12", "1024*1024").
   *
   *  In the general unoptimized case, storage is allocated in word-sized
   *  blocks.  Let B be the number of bits in a word, then (Nb+(B-1))/B
   *  words will be used for storage.  B - Nb%B bits are unused.  (They are
   *  the high-order bits in the highest word.)  It is a class invariant
   *  that those unused bits are always zero.
   *
   *  If you think of %bitset as "a simple array of bits," be aware that
   *  your mental picture is reversed:  a %bitset behaves the same way as
   *  bits in integers do, with the bit at index 0 in the "least significant
   *  / right-hand" position, and the bit at index Nb-1 in the "most
   *  significant / left-hand" position.  Thus, unlike other containers, a
   *  %bitset's index "counts from right to left," to put it very loosely.
   *
   *  This behavior is preserved when translating to and from strings.  For
   *  example, the first line of the following program probably prints
   *  "b('a') is 0001100001" on a modern ASCII system.
   *
   *  @code
   *     #include <bitset>
   *     #include <iostream>
   *     #include <sstream>
   *
   *     using namespace std;
   *
   *     int main()
   *     {
   *         long         a = 'a';
   *         bitset<10>   b(a);
   *
   *         cout << "b('a') is " << b << endl;
   *
   *         ostringstream s;
   *         s << b;
   *         string  str = s.str();
   *         cout << "index 3 in the string is " << str[3] << " but\n"
   *              << "index 3 in the bitset is " << b[3] << endl;
   *     }
   *  @endcode
   *
   *  Also see:
   *  http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/bk01pt12ch33s02.html
   *  for a description of extensions.
   *
   *  Most of the actual code isn't contained in %bitset<> itself, but in the
   *  base class _Base_bitset.  The base class works with whole words, not with
   *  individual bits.  This allows us to specialize _Base_bitset for the
   *  important special case where the %bitset is only a single word.
   *
   *  Extra confusion can result due to the fact that the storage for
   *  _Base_bitset @e is a regular array, and is indexed as such.  This is
   *  carefully encapsulated.
  */
  template<size_t _Nb>
    class bitset
    : private _Base_bitset<_GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(_Nb)>
    {
    private:
      typedef _Base_bitset<_GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(_Nb)> _Base;
      typedef unsigned long _WordT;

void
	_M_do_sanitize()
	{
	  _Sanitize<_Nb % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD>::
	    _S_do_sanitize(this->_M_hiword());
	}

public:
      /**
       *  This encapsulates the concept of a single bit.  An instance of this
       *  class is a proxy for an actual bit; this way the individual bit
       *  operations are done as faster word-size bitwise instructions.
       *
       *  Most users will never need to use this class directly; conversions
       *  to and from bool are automatic and should be transparent.  Overloaded
       *  operators help to preserve the illusion.
       *
       *  (On a typical system, this "bit %reference" is 64 times the size of
       *  an actual bit.  Ha.)
       */
      class reference
      {
	friend class bitset;

_WordT *_M_wp;
	size_t _M_bpos;
	
	// left undefined
	reference();
	
      public:
	reference(bitset& __b, size_t __pos)
	{
	  _M_wp = &__b._M_getword(__pos);
	  _M_bpos = _Base::_S_whichbit(__pos);
	}

~reference()
	{ }

// For b[i] = __x;
	reference&
	operator=(bool __x)
	{
	  if (__x)
	    *_M_wp |= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
	  else
	    *_M_wp &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
	  return *this;
	}

// For b[i] = b[__j];
	reference&
	operator=(const reference& __j)
	{
	  if ((*(__j._M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(__j._M_bpos)))
	    *_M_wp |= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
	  else
	    *_M_wp &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
	  return *this;
	}

// Flips the bit
	bool
	operator~() const
	{ return (*(_M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos)) == 0; }

// For __x = b[i];
	operator bool() const
	{ return (*(_M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos)) != 0; }

// For b[i].flip();
	reference&
	flip()
	{
	  *_M_wp ^= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
	  return *this;
	}
      };
      friend class reference;

// 23.3.5.1 constructors:
      /// All bits set to zero.
      bitset()
      { }

/// Initial bits bitwise-copied from a single word (others set to zero).
      bitset(unsigned long __val)
      : _Base(__val)
      { _M_do_sanitize(); }

/**
       *  @brief  Use a subset of a string.
       *  @param  s  A string of '0' and '1' characters.
       *  @param  position  Index of the first character in @a s to use;
       *                    defaults to zero.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of @a s.
       *  @throw  std::invalid_argument  If a character appears in the string
       *                                 which is neither '0' nor '1'.
       */
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	explicit
	bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
	       size_t __position = 0)
	: _Base()
	{
	  if (__position > __s.size())
	    __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::bitset initial position "
				     "not valid"));
	  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position,
			      std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::npos,
			      _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
	}

/**
       *  @brief  Use a subset of a string.
       *  @param  s  A string of '0' and '1' characters.
       *  @param  position  Index of the first character in @a s to use.
       *  @param  n    The number of characters to copy.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of @a s.
       *  @throw  std::invalid_argument  If a character appears in the string
       *                                 which is neither '0' nor '1'.
       */
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
	       size_t __position, size_t __n)
	: _Base()
	{
	  if (__position > __s.size())
	    __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::bitset initial position "
				     "not valid"));
	  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position, __n, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
	}

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 396. what are characters zero and one.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
	       size_t __position, size_t __n,
	       _CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1'))
	: _Base()
	{
	  if (__position > __s.size())
	    __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::bitset initial position "
				     "not valid"));
	  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position, __n, __zero, __one);
	}

// 23.3.5.2 bitset operations:
      //@{
      /**
       *  @brief  Operations on bitsets.
       *  @param  rhs  A same-sized bitset.
       *
       *  These should be self-explanatory.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      operator&=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs)
      {
	this->_M_do_and(__rhs);
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      operator|=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs)
      {
	this->_M_do_or(__rhs);
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      operator^=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs)
      {
	this->_M_do_xor(__rhs);
	return *this;
      }
      //@}
      
      //@{
      /**
       *  @brief  Operations on bitsets.
       *  @param  position  The number of places to shift.
       *
       *  These should be self-explanatory.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      operator<<=(size_t __position)
      {
	if (__builtin_expect(__position < _Nb, 1))
	  {
	    this->_M_do_left_shift(__position);
	    this->_M_do_sanitize();
	  }
	else
	  this->_M_do_reset();
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      operator>>=(size_t __position)
      {
	if (__builtin_expect(__position < _Nb, 1))
	  {
	    this->_M_do_right_shift(__position);
	    this->_M_do_sanitize();
	  }
	else
	  this->_M_do_reset();
	return *this;
      }
      //@}
      
      //@{
      /**
       *  These versions of single-bit set, reset, flip, and test are
       *  extensions from the SGI version.  They do no range checking.
       *  @ingroup SGIextensions
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      _Unchecked_set(size_t __pos)
      {
	this->_M_getword(__pos) |= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      _Unchecked_set(size_t __pos, int __val)
      {
	if (__val)
	  this->_M_getword(__pos) |= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
	else
	  this->_M_getword(__pos) &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      _Unchecked_reset(size_t __pos)
      {
	this->_M_getword(__pos) &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
	return *this;
      }

bitset<_Nb>&
      _Unchecked_flip(size_t __pos)
      {
	this->_M_getword(__pos) ^= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
	return *this;
      }

bool
      _Unchecked_test(size_t __pos) const
      { return ((this->_M_getword(__pos) & _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos))
		!= static_cast<_WordT>(0)); }
      //@}
      
      // Set, reset, and flip.
      /**
       *  @brief Sets every bit to true.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      set()
      {
	this->_M_do_set();
	this->_M_do_sanitize();
	return *this;
      }

/**
       *  @brief Sets a given bit to a particular value.
       *  @param  position  The index of the bit.
       *  @param  val  Either true or false, defaults to true.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      set(size_t __position, bool __val = true)
      {
	if (__position >= _Nb)
	  __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::set"));
	return _Unchecked_set(__position, __val);
      }

/**
       *  @brief Sets every bit to false.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      reset()
      {
	this->_M_do_reset();
	return *this;
      }

/**
       *  @brief Sets a given bit to false.
       *  @param  position  The index of the bit.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
       *
       *  Same as writing @c set(pos,false).
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      reset(size_t __position)
      {
	if (__position >= _Nb)
	  __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::reset"));
	return _Unchecked_reset(__position);
      }
      
      /**
       *  @brief Toggles every bit to its opposite value.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      flip()
      {
	this->_M_do_flip();
	this->_M_do_sanitize();
	return *this;
      }

/**
       *  @brief Toggles a given bit to its opposite value.
       *  @param  position  The index of the bit.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
       */
      bitset<_Nb>&
      flip(size_t __position)
      {
	if (__position >= _Nb)
	  __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::flip"));
	return _Unchecked_flip(__position);
      }
      
      /// See the no-argument flip().
      bitset<_Nb>
      operator~() const
      { return bitset<_Nb>(*this).flip(); }

//@{
      /**
       *  @brief  Array-indexing support.
       *  @param  position  Index into the %bitset.
       *  @return  A bool for a 'const %bitset'.  For non-const bitsets, an
       *           instance of the reference proxy class.
       *  @note  These operators do no range checking and throw no exceptions,
       *         as required by DR 11 to the standard.
       *
       *  _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS Note that this implementation already
       *  resolves DR 11 (items 1 and 2), but does not do the range-checking
       *  required by that DR's resolution.  -pme
       *  The DR has since been changed:  range-checking is a precondition
       *  (users' responsibility), and these functions must not throw.  -pme
       */
      reference
      operator[](size_t __position)
      { return reference(*this,__position); }

bool
      operator[](size_t __position) const
      { return _Unchecked_test(__position); }
      //@}
      
      /**
       *  @brief Returns a numerical interpretation of the %bitset.
       *  @return  The integral equivalent of the bits.
       *  @throw  std::overflow_error  If there are too many bits to be
       *                               represented in an @c unsigned @c long.
       */
      unsigned long
      to_ulong() const
      { return this->_M_do_to_ulong(); }

/**
       *  @brief Returns a character interpretation of the %bitset.
       *  @return  The string equivalent of the bits.
       *
       *  Note the ordering of the bits:  decreasing character positions
       *  correspond to increasing bit positions (see the main class notes for
       *  an example).
       */
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
	to_string() const
	{
	  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __result;
	  _M_copy_to_string(__result, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
	  return __result;
	}

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 396. what are characters zero and one.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
	to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
	{
	  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __result;
	  _M_copy_to_string(__result, __zero, __one);
	  return __result;
	}

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 434. bitset::to_string() hard to use.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >
	to_string() const
	{ return to_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >(); }

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 853. to_string needs updating with zero and one.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >
	to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
	{ return to_string<_CharT, _Traits,
	                   std::allocator<_CharT> >(__zero, __one); }

template<class _CharT>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
	                  std::allocator<_CharT> >
	to_string() const
	{
	  return to_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
	                   std::allocator<_CharT> >();
	}

template<class _CharT>
	std::basic_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
	                  std::allocator<_CharT> >
	to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
	{
	  return to_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
	                   std::allocator<_CharT> >(__zero, __one);
	}

std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >
      to_string() const
      {
	return to_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
	                 std::allocator<char> >();
      }

std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >
      to_string(char __zero, char __one = '1') const
      {
	return to_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
	                 std::allocator<char> >(__zero, __one);
      }

// Helper functions for string operations.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
        void
        _M_copy_from_ptr(const _CharT*, size_t, size_t, size_t,
			 _CharT, _CharT);

template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	void
	_M_copy_from_string(const std::basic_string<_CharT,
			    _Traits, _Alloc>& __s, size_t __pos, size_t __n,
			    _CharT __zero, _CharT __one)
	{ _M_copy_from_ptr<_CharT, _Traits>(__s.data(), __s.size(), __pos, __n,
					    __zero, __one); }

template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	void
        _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&,
			  _CharT, _CharT) const;

// NB: Backward compat.
      template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	void
	_M_copy_from_string(const std::basic_string<_CharT,
			    _Traits, _Alloc>& __s, size_t __pos, size_t __n)
	{ _M_copy_from_string(__s, __pos, __n, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1')); }

template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
	void
        _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits,_Alloc>& __s) const
	{ _M_copy_to_string(__s, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1')); }

/// Returns the number of bits which are set.
      size_t
      count() const
      { return this->_M_do_count(); }

/// Returns the total number of bits.
      size_t
      size() const
      { return _Nb; }

//@{
      /// These comparisons for equality/inequality are, well, @e bitwise.
      bool
      operator==(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) const
      { return this->_M_is_equal(__rhs); }

bool
      operator!=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) const
      { return !this->_M_is_equal(__rhs); }
      //@}
      
      /**
       *  @brief Tests the value of a bit.
       *  @param  position  The index of a bit.
       *  @return  The value at @a pos.
       *  @throw  std::out_of_range  If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
       */
      bool
      test(size_t __position) const
      {
	if (__position >= _Nb)
	  __throw_out_of_range(__N("bitset::test"));
	return _Unchecked_test(__position);
      }

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // DR 693. std::bitset::all() missing.
      /**
       *  @brief Tests whether all the bits are on.
       *  @return  True if all the bits are set.
       */
      bool
      all() const
      { return this->_M_are_all_aux() == _Nb; }

/**
       *  @brief Tests whether any of the bits are on.
       *  @return  True if at least one bit is set.
       */
      bool
      any() const
      { return this->_M_is_any(); }

/**
       *  @brief Tests whether any of the bits are on.
       *  @return  True if none of the bits are set.
       */
      bool
      none() const
      { return !this->_M_is_any(); }

//@{
      /// Self-explanatory.
      bitset<_Nb>
      operator<<(size_t __position) const
      { return bitset<_Nb>(*this) <<= __position; }

bitset<_Nb>
      operator>>(size_t __position) const
      { return bitset<_Nb>(*this) >>= __position; }
      //@}
      
      /**
       *  @brief  Finds the index of the first "on" bit.
       *  @return  The index of the first bit set, or size() if not found.
       *  @ingroup SGIextensions
       *  @sa  _Find_next
       */
      size_t
      _Find_first() const
      { return this->_M_do_find_first(_Nb); }

/**
       *  @brief  Finds the index of the next "on" bit after prev.
       *  @return  The index of the next bit set, or size() if not found.
       *  @param  prev  Where to start searching.
       *  @ingroup SGIextensions
       *  @sa  _Find_first
       */
      size_t
      _Find_next(size_t __prev ) const
      { return this->_M_do_find_next(__prev, _Nb); }
    };

// Definitions of non-inline member functions.
  template<size_t _Nb>
    template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
      void
      bitset<_Nb>::
      _M_copy_from_ptr(const _CharT* __s, size_t __len,
		       size_t __pos, size_t __n, _CharT __zero, _CharT __one)
      {
	reset();
	const size_t __nbits = std::min(_Nb, std::min(__n, __len - __pos));
	for (size_t __i = __nbits; __i > 0; --__i)
	  {
	    const _CharT __c = __s[__pos + __nbits - __i];
	    if (_Traits::eq(__c, __zero))
	      ;
	    else if (_Traits::eq(__c, __one))
	      _Unchecked_set(__i - 1);
	    else
	      __throw_invalid_argument(__N("bitset::_M_copy_from_ptr"));
	  }
      }

template<size_t _Nb>
    template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
      void
      bitset<_Nb>::
      _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
			_CharT __zero, _CharT __one) const
      {
	__s.assign(_Nb, __zero);
	for (size_t __i = _Nb; __i > 0; --__i)
	  if (_Unchecked_test(__i - 1))
	    _Traits::assign(__s[_Nb - __i], __one);
      }

// 23.3.5.3 bitset operations:
  //@{
  /**
   *  @brief  Global bitwise operations on bitsets.
   *  @param  x  A bitset.
   *  @param  y  A bitset of the same size as @a x.
   *  @return  A new bitset.
   *
   *  These should be self-explanatory.
  */
  template<size_t _Nb>
    inline bitset<_Nb>
    operator&(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y)
    {
      bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
      __result &= __y;
      return __result;
    }

template<size_t _Nb>
    inline bitset<_Nb>
    operator|(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y)
    {
      bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
      __result |= __y;
      return __result;
    }

template <size_t _Nb>
    inline bitset<_Nb>
    operator^(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y)
    {
      bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
      __result ^= __y;
      return __result;
    }
  //@}

//@{
  /**
   *  @brief Global I/O operators for bitsets.
   *
   *  Direct I/O between streams and bitsets is supported.  Output is
   *  straightforward.  Input will skip whitespace, only accept '0' and '1'
   *  characters, and will only extract as many digits as the %bitset will
   *  hold.
  */
  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, size_t _Nb>
    std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
    operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, bitset<_Nb>& __x)
    {
      typedef typename _Traits::char_type          char_type;
      typedef std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>  __istream_type;
      typedef typename __istream_type::ios_base    __ios_base;

std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits> __tmp;
      __tmp.reserve(_Nb);

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 303. Bitset input operator underspecified
      const char_type __zero = __is.widen('0');
      const char_type __one = __is.widen('1');

typename __ios_base::iostate __state = __ios_base::goodbit;
      typename __istream_type::sentry __sentry(__is);
      if (__sentry)
	{
	  __try
	    {
	      for (size_t __i = _Nb; __i > 0; --__i)
		{
		  static typename _Traits::int_type __eof = _Traits::eof();
		  
		  typename _Traits::int_type __c1 = __is.rdbuf()->sbumpc();
		  if (_Traits::eq_int_type(__c1, __eof))
		    {
		      __state |= __ios_base::eofbit;
		      break;
		    }
		  else
		    {
		      const char_type __c2 = _Traits::to_char_type(__c1);
		      if (_Traits::eq(__c2, __zero))
			__tmp.push_back(__zero);
		      else if (_Traits::eq(__c2, __one))
			__tmp.push_back(__one);
		      else if (_Traits::
			       eq_int_type(__is.rdbuf()->sputbackc(__c2),
					   __eof))
			{
			  __state |= __ios_base::failbit;
			  break;
			}
		    }
		}
	    }
	  __catch(__cxxabiv1::__forced_unwind&)
	    {
	      __is._M_setstate(__ios_base::badbit);		
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    { __is._M_setstate(__ios_base::badbit); }
	}

if (__tmp.empty() && _Nb)
	__state |= __ios_base::failbit;
      else
	__x._M_copy_from_string(__tmp, static_cast<size_t>(0), _Nb,
				__zero, __one);
      if (__state)
	__is.setstate(__state);
      return __is;
    }

template <class _CharT, class _Traits, size_t _Nb>
    std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
    operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
	       const bitset<_Nb>& __x)
    {
      std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits> __tmp;

// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 396. what are characters zero and one.
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__os.getloc());
      __x._M_copy_to_string(__tmp, __ct.widen('0'), __ct.widen('1'));
      return __os << __tmp;
    }
  //@}

_GLIBCXX_END_NESTED_NAMESPACE

#undef _GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS
#undef _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD

#ifdef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
# include <debug/bitset>
#endif

#endif /* _GLIBCXX_BITSET */

cmd: